Research progress in pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and drug use of meropenem in special population / 中国药房

Meropenem is the first choice for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections， which has been widely used in clinical practice. However， the physiological and pathological characteristics of special populations have a significant impact on the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics （PK/PD） parameters of meropenem， so it is necessary to develop individualized drug administration plan according to the characteristics of patients in clinical application. Therefore， this paper summarizes PK/PD characteristics and application of meropenem in special population， and recommends the dosage of meropenem as follows： 10-40 mg/kg， q8 h for children； 1 g， q8-12 h for elderly patients； 0.75 g， q8 h for the patients with renal insufficiency who received continuous veno-venous hemofiltration and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis； 1 g， q8 h prolonged infusion until 3 hours or 2 g， q8 h for patients with hyperrenal function； 1 g， q8 h after 2 g loading dose for patients with cirrhosis.

Non-targeted LC-MS profiling reveals association between human early embryo grades and levels of amino acids and carnitines in embryo culture medium / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:In order to determine the development potential of human embryos in vitro, amino acid and carnitine levels were measured in the culture medium of different grades of early human embryos. Methods:From the infertile couples who received in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer treatment in the Department of Reproductive Medicine of Linyi People′s Hospital from June 2022 to December 2022, the age of the women was defined as 25-35 years old [31.5(26.5, 33.25)] with 8-20 eggs, 126 cultured cells and embryos of the third day were randomly collected from infertile couples. They were divided into three groups according to the morphological level of the corresponding embryos: excellent, neutral and poor. Amino acids and L-carnitines levels in culture medium were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Using analysis of variance to compare differences among groups, correlation analysis, factor analysis was performed to analyze the association between the levels of amino acids and L-carnitines and development potential of early human embryos.Results:The value of Methionine/Phenylalanine was found statistically different among superior embryo (3.09±1.67), moderate embryo (4.00±1.19) and inferior embryo (4.99±2.04). The difference between the three groups was statistically different ( F=7.09, P<0.05): superior embryo vs moderate embryo ( t=-0.91, P<0.05), superior embryo vs inferior embryo ( t=-1.91, P<0.05), moderate embryo vs inferior embryo ( t=-0.99, P<0.05). Among different amino acids, Phe had the strongest positive correlation with Tyr ( r=0.99, P<0.01). Among different carnitines, C 8/C 10 has the strongest positive correlation with C 5DC+C 6OH/C 16( r=0.44, P<0.01). The weight value of leucine (isoleucine), arginine, valine/phenylalanine, glycine, tyrosine and carnitine(C 5DC+C 6OH)/C 8 calculated by the least square fitting model is 2.22, 1.99, 1.65, 1.54, 1.21 and 1.15 respectively. Conclusion:Leucine, arginine, valine/phenylalanine, glycine, tyrosine and carnitine (C 5DC+C 6OH)/C 8 in embryo culture medium were significantly correlated with the levels of early human embryos in vitro.

Efficiency of Prenatal Ultrasound Screening Service in Beijing: A Malmquist-Data Envelopment Analysis / 中国医学科学院学报

To analyze the efficiency of prenatal ultrasound screening service in Beijing and thus optimize the secondary prevention system for birth defects in Beijing. Data were collected from the prenatal screening work reports of Beijing from 2010-2016.Key variables were extracted after data quality control.Data envelopment analysis was performed to analyze the efficiency and changing trend of ultrasound-based screening service and to compare the service efficiency between urban and suburban areas in Beijing. From 2010 to 2016,the technical efficiency of ultrasound screening services showed an increasing trend,and the geometric mean of technical efficiency in suburban areas was higher than that in urban areas.From 2010 to 2016,the total factor productivity of ultrasound screening service increased by 12.3% annually,in which the technical change increased by 12.0% annually;the technical efficiency increased by 0.3%,the pure technical efficiency increased by 13.9% annually,and the scale efficiency decreased by 0.4%. The technical efficiency of ultrasound screening service in Beijing increased from 2010 to 2016,and the total factor productivity improved.Technical change and pure technical efficiency change were the main reasons for the improvement.The resource allocation should be further optimized to improve the scale efficiency and enhance the training of prenatal ultrasound screening technicians.

Evaluation of therapeutic effect of Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection on coronary atherosclerotic heart disease by using propensity scores / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection on coronary heart disease in real world.Methods:Took the patients data with coronary heart disease of 24 tertiary-class A hospitals’ information system from October 2006 to December 2015 as the research targets. The patients injected by Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection were selected as the observation group, and who were not injected were selected as the control group with ratio of 1:1, the same number on gender, similar age (+5 years difference) and similar condition upon hospitalization. Taking medication efficacy as the outcome evaluation index, the 30 confounding factors in this study were controlled by propensity scores, including hospital admission, co-morbidity, co-medication, occupation, cost category, and total hospitalization costs. Comparative analysis of the effect of Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection on the clinical outcome of coronary heart disease by classical logistic regression and logistic regression weighted by propensity score.Results:30 confounding factors were identified and balanced, and 7 confounding factors were most affected factors that included clopidogrel bisulfate tablets, occupation, inosine tablets, levocarnidine injection, cerebroprotein hydrolysate injection, nitroglycerin and insulin. Both methods of logistic regression demonstrated that patients receiving parenterally administered Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection had improved outcomes compared to those who did not receive the drug ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The study suggestes that the Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection is a potential advantageous therapy in the treatment of coronary heart disease. However, a large amount of unknown confounding variable should be taken into account. Consider this research is a retrospective study, and the results need to be further verified by prospective studies.

Exploration of the pathogenesis for a SRY-negative male with 46,XX disorder of sex development / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the pathogenesis for a SRY-negative male with 46,XX disorder of sex development (DSD).@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples of the patient and his family members were subjected to chromosomal karyotyping, routine PCR, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing. The data was analyzed with NextGENe software.@*RESULTS@#Both the proband and his brother presented a 46,XX karyotype with negative SRY gene, while their father presented normal phenotype and karyotype with positive SRY gene. No pathogenic variant associated with sex development was detected by whole exome sequencing, while a 243 kb duplication was detected by whole genome sequencing in the 5' upstream region of the SOX9 gene in the proband, his brother and father. The same duplication was not found in his sister and mother.@*CONCLUSION@#The 243 kb duplication at the 5' upstream of the SOX9 gene may predispose to the 46,XX DSD in this family. It is speculated that there exist an unknown core regulatory element in the upstream of the SOX9, and its duplication may trigger expression of SOX9 and initiate testicular differentiation in the absence of SRY gene.

Analysis of the clinical effect of a bifurcated ball frame / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of a bifurcated ball frame designed for undergraduate research to assist hand-knee position,avoid physical exertion and increase comfort.Methods Randomized controlled trials consisted of 260 occipital (posterior) primiparous women born during labor,and were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 130 cases each.The observing group's mothers were on the yoga ball on the device.The angle and height of the frame and the ball plate were adjusted according to the maternal body type,so that the yoga ball at the chest and the cross could effectively support the maternal weight loss knee burden,and both sides of the small abdominal yoga ball could be effectively posted.After the adjustment was completed,the maternal relaxes and gently shakes the body in one direction so that the small yoga ball on the ventral side forms a continuous soothing push.The control group leaned forward on both knees (with protective gear) and supported themselves with both hands or both fists,swaying the pelvis or crawling forward.Comparing the two groups of vaginal delivery rate,maternal postural maintenance time,maternal dehvery experience,and effective correction rate of occipital position.Results The time of postoperative maintenance in the observation group was (49.51 ±10.62) minutes,and that of the control group was (18.31 ± 9.72) minutes.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=6.69,P ＜0.05).The effective correction of abnormal fetal position rate,spontaneous delivery rate and comfort rate were 82.30％ (107/130),77.69％ (101/130),and 99.23％ (129/130),respectively in the observation group,and 27.69％ (36/130),33.85％ (44/130),3.84％ (5/130),respectively in the control group,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (x2 =4.06,4.15,5.61,all P ＜0.05).Conclusions The undergraduate design of this sort of ball delivery group has a significant effect on the extraversion of the assisted position to the fetal position.

Analysis on the Distribution of TCM Syndromes and Related Factors of Pregnancy Outcome of 1010 Cases of Early Threatened Abortion / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To discuss the distribution laws of TCM syndromes of early threatened abortion; To analyze the related factors of pregnancy outcome of early threatened abortion. Methods The study included 1010 hospital patients who were diagnosed as early threatened abortion. Excel2010 was used to establish database in order to collect general information such as the age, menstrual history, times of abortion and adverse pregnancy, incidence of solar term and pregnancy week, the type of TCM syndromes and the pregnancy outcome (at least 3 months after being out of hospital) of patients. The distribution laws of TCM syndromes, and related factors of pregnancy outcome were analyzed. Results Among the 1010 cases, 762 cases were with kidney deficiency syndrome (75.4%); followed by blood heat syndrome, a total of 178 cases, accounting for 17.6%; qi and blood deficiency syndrome, a total of 40 cases, accounting for 4%; blood stasis syndrome, a total of 15 cases, accounting for 1.5%; liver stagnation syndrome, a total of 15 cases, accounting for 1.5%. The distribution of TCM syndromes was statistical significance in the different age groups and the incidence of pregnancy week (P0.05). Among the 1010 cases, follow-up to 698 cases, 567 cases were successful pregnancies, accounting for 81.2% of the follow-up of patients; 131 cases were failed pregnancies, accounting for 18.8% of the follow-up of patients. In the study, it found that there was statistical significance between different age groups and pregnancy outcomes (P=0.026). The pregnancy outcomes were related to the age groups (P=0.012, OR=1.063), and it was not related to TCM syndromes, times of abortion, times of adverse pregnancy, menstruation, pregnancy week. Conclusion Kidney deficiency syndrome is the main syndrome of early threatened abortion. The distribution of TCM syndromes is related to the age group and the incidence of pregnancy week of patients. Age of patients is the related factor affecting the pregnancy outcome.

Clinicopathological analysis of intestinal polypoid lymphoma in children: report of 15 cases / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic features of intestinal polypoid lymphoma (PL) in children. Methods The clinicopathologic data of 15 cases of pediatric intestinal PL in Jiangxi Provincial Children 's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Immuohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of CD10, bcl-6, bcl-2, MUMl and ERCC1, then EB virus (EBV)-encoded RNA (EBER) status was tested by using in situ hybridization. Results Amongst 15 cases studied, 13 cases were Burkitt lymphoma (BL), 1 case was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and 1 case was between DLBCL and BL (DLBCL/BL). The positive rate of CD10, bcl-6, bcl-2, MUMl, ERCC1 and EBER were 100.0%(13/13), 92.3%(12/13), 0, 7.7 % (1/13), 15.4 % (2/13), 53.8 % (7/13), respectively in 13 BL cases. The clinical stage of 13 patients with BL: 11 cases (84.6 %) Ⅱ stage, 1 case (7.7 %) Ⅲ stage, 1 case (7.7 %) Ⅳstage. The clinical stage of DLBCL and BL/DLBCL: Ⅱstage. 14 cases of PL had survival time without tumors, 24-120 months follow-up, and 1 BL patient inⅣstage without chemotherapy died after 2 months. Conclusion BL is a major subtype of intestinal PL in children, which shows a low clinical stage and a good prognosis.

Clinical Study on Treatment of Decreased Ovarian Reserve by Yishen Huayu Decoction / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Yishen Huayu Decoction for decreased ovarian reserve (DOR). Methods Eighty cases of DOR were randomly divided into 2 groups, with 40 cases in each group. The treatment group was treated with oral administration of Yishen Huayu Decotion, one dose a day. The control group was given DHEA, a time of 1 tablet, 3 times a day. 2 groups were observed for 3 menstrual cycles. The levels of basic follicle stimulating hormone (bFSH), basal estradiol (bE2), luteinizing hormone (LH) and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured. The number of basal follicles and the peak systolic velocity (PSV) were monitored by transvaginal sonography. Quality of life assessment and basal body temperature were measured. Results The total effective rate was 85.00% (34/40) in the treatment group and 62.50% (25/40) in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of bE2 and bFSH decreased, and the levels of AMH, ovarian antral follicles and PSV increased, which were significantly different from those before treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of bE2 and bFSH in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, and the levels of AMH, ovarian antral follicle and PSV were higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The recovery rate of basal body temperature was 77.50%(31/40) in the treatment group and 52.50%(21/40) in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.01). After treatment, the scores of four dimensions of life quality, daily activities, health status and self-perception were significantly improved (P<0.01), and the treatment group was higher than the control group (P<0.01). Conclution Yishen Huayu Decotion can improve the ovarian reserve function and the life quality of patients with DOR.

Effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride preconditioning on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride(PHC)precon-ditioning on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI)in rats.Methods Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 230-250 g,were randomly divided into three groups (n =18 each):sham op-eration group (group S),HIRI group (group HR)and penehyclidine hydrochloride group (group PHC).In group S,the hepatoduodenal ligaments of rats were only pulled and separated,then abdo-mens were closed.In group HR,an atraumatic vascular clip was placed on the vessels blocking the portal venous blood supply to the median and left lateral lobes of the liver for 45 minutes,which re-sulted in approximately 70% rat liver ischemia injury.In group PHC,the rats were treated with 0.45 mg/kg penehyclidine hydrochloride at 30 minutes before the portal venous and hepatic arterial were blocked like group HR.Animals were killed at 2 h (T1 ,n =6),4 h (T2 ,n =6),24 h (T3 ,n =6) after HIRI or sham surgery.Liver tissues and blood samples were taken for analysis.The serum con-centration of ALT and AST were measured as the markers of hepatic functional damage.The TNF-a and IL-1βconcentration were measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)tech-nique.The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS ) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) expression were measured by immunohistochemical staining.Results Compared with group S,the expressions of ALT,AST,TNF-αand IL-1βin groups HR and PHC increased at T1-T3 (P <0.05), which were similar to the change trend of HIR-1αand eNOS expressions (P <0.05).Compared with group HR,the expression of ALT,AST,TNF-αand IL-1βin group PHC decreased at T1-T3 (P <0.05).Nevertheless expression of HIF-1αand eNOS of groups HR and HPC were increased than that of group S,and experssion of HIF-1αand eNOS of group HPC were increased than that of group HR at T1 and T2 (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion PHC preconditioning can protect the liver from HIRI.The mechanism may be associated with the up-regulation of eNOS and HIF-1α,as well as reducing the in-flammatory response.

Evaluation of the CaV1 1-R528 H gene knock-in mouse model of thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis / 中国实验动物学报

Objective To establish and evaluate the CaV1?1?R528H gene knock?in mouse model of thyrotoxic hy?pokalemic periodic paralysis. Methods Thirty?six 8?week?old male CaV1?1?R528H gene knock?in mice and thirty?six 8?week?old wild?type male C57BL/6J mice were used in this study. Using three?factor two?level 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design ( the three factors including mutation, thyroxine and insulin, and two levels were with or without) , the mice were divided into 8 groups. The thyroxine groups were intraperitoneally injected with levothyroxine in a dose of 350 μg/kg once per day for 12 consecutive days to produce thyrotoxicosis. The insulin groups were intraperitoneally injected with short?acting insulin in a dose of 0?8 U/kg after the last administration of levothyroxine, and the potassium levels of different groups were meas?ured and recorded before (0 min) and after insulin injection (30 min, 60 min). Results (1) Compared with the control group, the following phenomena including irritability, dull coat, increased diet and water intake, and slow body weight gain, were observed in the thyrotoxic mice. Thyroid function tests showed that the levels of T3 and T4 in the thyrotoxic mice were significantly higher than those in the corresponding control mice (P<0?05), and the TSH level was significantly low?er than that of the corresponding control mice (P<0?05 ). (2) After administration of insulin or thyroxine alone, the po?tassium levels in the mutant and wild?type mice were not significantly different. However, after combined administration of thyroxine and insulin, the potassium levels in the mutant group were significantly lower than those in the wild?type mice at 30 min and 60 min ( P<0?05 for both). (3) The main effects and interactions:Mutation factor or thyroxine factor alone did not influence on the potassium level, only insulin showed hypokalemic effect (P<0?05). There were interactions be?tween thyroxine and mutation, and between insulin and mutation (P<0?05), but no interaction between thyroxine and in?sulin. Conclusions (1) A thyrotoxicosis state in mice is successfully developed in this study. (2) An CaV1?1?R528H gene knock?in mouse model of thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis is successfully established.

Clinicopathologic features and differential diagnoses of non-involuting congenital hemangioma in children / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnoses of non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH) in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical, morphologic and immunophenotypic characteristics of 22 cases of NICH were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean patients' age at diagnosis was 4.2 years, with a male to female ratio of 1.75:1. The tumors were located in the head and face (5 cases), neck (3 cases), body (6 cases), upper limbs (5 cases), and lower limbs (3 cases). Histologically, the tumor was dominated by rather large lobules of small vessels that were mostly rounded, curved, small and thin-walled, and were lined by endothelial cells surrounded by one or more layers of pericytes. The center of the lobules was occupied by one or more thin or thick walled vessels, which were surrounded by fibrous and fatty tissue, which contained abnormal arterial and venous structures. At the edge of the lobules there were lymphatic vessels. Immunohsitochemical study showed that tumor cells in NICH were positive for CD34 (22/22), CD31 (22/22), SMA (22/22), vimentin (22/22) and Glut1 (0/22). D2-40 expression was located at the edge of the capillary lobules.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>NICH is a benign lesion. Clinically and pathologically, it needs to be differentiated from rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma, infantile hemangiomas, tufted angioma, vascular malformation, and others.</p>

The Effect of Amino Acid Configuration on the Biodistribution of Peptide Nanofiber / 天津医药

Objective To compare the biodistribution difference of peptide nanofibers, which were self-assembled by peptide composed of L-or D-amino acids, respectively, and provide the guidance for the in vivo applications of peptide nanofibers. Methods The Nap-GFFYGRGD (L-peptide) and Nap-GDFDFDYGRGD (D-peptide, F and Y were D-configura-tion) were synthesized with solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). The structure of the two peptides was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). The two peptides could self-assemble into nanofibers during the cooling process after being boiled. The morphology of the nanofibers was observed with transmission electron microscope (TEM). The peptides were radiolabeled with iodine-125 and self-assembled into nanofi-bers, which were then administered into BALB/c mice via tail vein. The blood samples were collected and then mice were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 hours. The main organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, large intestine, small intes-tine, muscle and brain) were isolated and weighed. The radioactivity of organs was detected with a gamma counter. Results The two peptides could self-assemble into nanofibers with diameter of 10-20 nanometers. There were no significant differ-ences in the diameter and morphology between two naofibers. There was significant difference in the biodistribution between two nanofibers. The blood concentration of D-fiber was (8.17±0.32)%ID/g at one hour after injection and then cleared rapid-ly from the blood. The blood concentration of L-fiber was (5.96±0.30)%ID/g at one hour after injection and maintained at a stable level for six hours. The L-fiber was mainly distributed in stomach while the D-fiber was mainly accumulated in liver. Conclusion The configuration of amino acids (D/L) could affect the biodistribution of peptide nanofibers dramatically, which may provide the guidance for the medical applications of peptide nanofibers.

Effects of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitors in combination with 5-FU on gastric cancer MGC-803 cells and the possible mechanisms / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the effects of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1 ) inhibitor N, N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS)combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)on the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer MGC-803 cells and to explore the possible mechanisms involved.Methods MGC-803 cells were cultured in vitro.The effects of DMS and 5-FU on cell proliferation,apoptosis,and cell cycle distribution of MGC-803 cells were detected by MTT assay and flow cytometer (FCM),respectively.The expressions of SphK1 ,TS,DPD,NF-κB p65 and Bcl-2 proteins were detected by Western blot.Results Different concentrations of DMS or 5-FU alone or in combination could obviously inhibit the proliferation of MGC-803 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manners (P0.05).As compared with the cells without drug treatment,DMS or 5-FU alone could obviously increase the apoptosis rate of MGC-803 cells (P<0.05);the apoptosis rate in the combination group was significantly higher than that in the single-drug groups (P<0.05).The expression levels of SphK1,NF-κB p65 and bcl-2 proteins were down-regulated with the treatment of DMS alone or in combination,whereas those of TS and DPD were not affected.Conclusion DMS can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer MGC-803 cells in vitro.It shows a good synergetic effect in combination with 5-FU,probably by down-regulating the expressions of SphK1,NF-κB p65 and Bcl-2 proteins.

Construction of Cchl1 a3 gene R528 H knock-in mouse model related to hypokalemic periodic paralysis / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To construct Cchl1a3 gene R528H knock-in mouse model related to hypokalemic periodic paralysis.Methods ES cells were transfected with Cchl1a3-Konckin targeting vector linearized by Not I digestion , selected in the medium containing both G 418 and ganciclovoir .Resistant clones were screened by PCR and further confirmed by DNA sequencing for correct homologous recombinants .Chimera mice were obtained by routing microinjection of homologous recombined ES cells into blastocysts .Heterozygous mice were obtained by mating .Through heterozygous mice with FLP mice mating , removal of neo gene heterozygous mice were established and identified with the PCR and DNA sequencing . After mating, homozygous offspring were constructed and observed .Results ES cells were successfully transfected withtargeting vector .It was confirmed that 9 resistant clones happened right homologous recombination by PCR and DNA sequencing .7 chimera mice were obtained by microinjection .After breeding the chimeric mice , heterozygous mice were mated FLP mice to obtain 9 heterozygous mice removal of neo gene, the finally obtained 15 homozygous mice with Flp-deleted neo gene.In the developmental stage of sexual maturity , the spirit of the mice, restaurants and activities in good condition, but the gradual emergence of hair removal at 4 months of age, skin ulceration and even death .Conclusions We successfully constructed Cchl1a3 gene R528H mutation homozygous mice.And it laid a foundation for the study of human CACNA1S gene function and to clarify the molecular mechanism of hypokalemic periodic paralysis .

Preliminary recognition of stem cells surface markers in hepatoblastoma / 重庆医学

Objective To preliminarily screen the neoplastic stem cell (NSC) related surface markers combination and to under-stand the NSC distribution in hepatoblastoma(HB) .Methods The children cases of HB undergone the surgical therapy in the Jian-gxi Provincial Children′s Hospital were selected .The immunohistochemical method was adopted for observing the expression and distribution of NSC-related markers CD34 ,Thy-1 ,c-kit ,CD56 and stem cell factor(SCF) in the HB tissue and the normal hepatic tissue away from the edge of tumor tissue 3cm outside .Results Thy-1 and c-kit were sporadically distributed in the HB tissue and mainly focued on the portal area ,but did not exressed in the normal liver tissue ;the expression of CD34 and SCF in HB was signifi-cantly higher than that in the normal liver tissue(P0 .05) .Conclusion The different NSC related surface markers are distributed in the HB tissue and focus on the specific areas .The positive cells of Thy-1/c-kit expression may play a role in the HB occurrence .

Research evolution of children with sporadic Burkitt' s lymphoma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Children with sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive lymphoma.It partly overlaps with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and unclassified B cell lymphoma (DLBCL/BL) which is between DLBCL and BL in the morphological,immunophenotypic and molecular genetic aspects,but it has its unique.characterization. Enhancing awareness of the disease based on the BL pathology, pathogenesis and prognosis of understanding,at the time of diagnosis and identificate with DLBCL and DLBCL/BL at the tine of diagnosis will be beneficial to clinical correct treatment and prognosis.

Serum screening for Down's syndrome in Beijing from 2006 to 2009 / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To investigate the status of second trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome from 2006 to 2009 to evaluate the screening quality in Beijing.Methods Birth defect data (birth defect register) from 2006 to 2009 and screening data reported by certificated screening hospitals from 2008 to 2009 in Beijing were retrospectively analyzed by descriptive statistic method.Results Three hundred and thirty Down' syndrome babies were delivered from 2006 to 2009 in Beijing,among which 166 mothers accepted Down' syndrome serum screening and 85(51.2％) were diagnosed finally according to the screening results;among the 85 mothers,35 were≥35 years old with the detection rate of 62.5％ (35/56),and 50 cases were ＜35 with the detection rate of 45.5％ (50/110).The prenatal diagnostic rate of Down's syndrome babies increased from 26.8％(11/41) in 2006 to 47.4％(46/97) in 2009.The detection rate of Down's syndrome with serum screening increased from 23.1％(3/13) in 2006 to 62.9％(22/35) in 2009.One hundred and fifty-eight 21-trisomy cases accepted mid-term ultrasound screening,among which 62 cases (39.2％) were found abnormal.Conclusions Quality control for second trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome should be improved in Beijing.Second trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome in elderly primipara is not suggested.More attention should be paid on prenatal ultrasound screening.

Standardized management and assessment of prenatal ultrasound screening / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of standardized training and management of prenatal ultrasound screening on birth defects. Methods According to the degree of standardized training and management of prenatal ultrasound screening, the period from March 2004 to December 2009 were divided into three different management stages. Detection rate was applied to describe the prenatal ultrasound screening of 5199 birth defects cases delivered during the three different management stages. Accuracy rate was used to describe the ultrasonographic diagnosis made by staffs in 2009. SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the information of 707 staffs participated in the training and assessment activities from October 2007 to September 2009. Related factors of prenatal ultrasound operating skills of staffs were analyzed by comparing the distributing discrepancy of the different variables between qualified and unqualified group with Chi-square test. Results The detection rate of prenatal ultrasonographic screening on birth defects increased with the improvement of training and assessment methods, which was 32. 43% from March 2004 to September 2005,44.81% from October 2005 to September 2007 and 60. 71% from October 2007 to December 2009respectively. In 2009, 187 doctors were tested on abnormal ultrasound photographs identification. The accurate rates were 80. 0% for gastroschisis, 78. 8% for cleft clip, 75.8% for omphalocele, 71.8%for neural tube defects, 50. 0% for severe congenital heart diseases, 31.0% for acromicria, which were in similar sequence as the diagnostic rate identified by prenatal ultrasound in 2009. Among the staffs attending the prenatal ultrasound screening assessment, more had education background at least university level (52.8% vs 47.2%), more performed ≥50 ultrasound screenings per month (50. 5%vs 49.5 % ), more had been working on obstetric ultrasound over 3 yrs (52.5 % vs 47.5 %) and more had been trained in higher level of hospitals focused on prenatal diagnosis (64.7% vs 35.3%) in the qualified group than in the unqualified group. Conclusions Standardized training and management of prenatal ultrasonographic screening could effectively improve the diagnosis rate of birth defects.The quality of prenatal ultrasound screening is related to the staff's education background and whether they are engaged in the position.